Noor e Tahqeeq

An overview of Ada Jafri’s Autobiography “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi”

Mahnoor Murtaza — 2024-03-05

Ada Jafri is one of the greatest writers who presented the essence of her art in the form of poetry as well as in prose. She holds a special position amongst the pioneers of modern Urdu and is also called the first lady of poetry. Apart from poetry, she also experimented with an important genre of literature, Aap Beti (autobiography). In her autobiography, “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi” Ada Jafri has appeared in a different style. Through this autobiography, she has described the educational and social problems faced by women before the establishment of Pakistan, as well as the culture and civilization of that time. The purpose of this research article is to provide readers with historical, cultural and tourist information in the light of Ada Jafri’s autobiography and to highlight the importance of autobiography in literature.

A Stylistic Review of Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad's Essay "Sair-e-Zindagi"

Usama Munawar — 2024-03-05

Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad’s essay "Sair-e-Zindagi" describes life and its different stages. The essay starts with the words of a sage that when a person comes into the world, he is completely ignorant and innocent. Then there is childhood, which he finds in the form of a beautiful and carefree life, and then there is youth, which is a beautiful, exciting and colorful period of life, and it is full of emotions and desires. After that, gradually the organs of a person start to decay and he moves from youth to old age. By going to old age, he becomes greedier about life. A critical review of the said essay is presented in this article highlighting the characteristics pertaining to style and diction of the writer.

The Intellectual Representative of the School of objective Criticism: Azhar Ghouri

Dr Muhammad Amjad Abid — 2024-03-05

Object oriented approach of criticism has its roots in post continental philosophies based on perdiction and vision. Azhar Ghouri has strong advocacy for universalization of values and global adaptation of critical thinking styles. He believes in sublimity of Art and architecture regardless of classic or modern as a label for critical analysis. He believes in exploration of ideas and vision with insight in any piece of literature beyond its mechanical structure. Colonialism, exploitation, industrialisation, hunger, fear, shelter, peace and justice are controversial in global village according to A. G which needed to be reflected in art and literature in modes of individual’s interest. Author of this artical has explored gross root level realities and fundamental beliefs of object oriented approach in literary works of A.G. The agitation through pen has always been an eye opener initiative to stimulate the reader same has been highlighted by the author in the artical.

Mirza Athar Baig’s Ghulam Bagh: A Post-Neo-Colonial Reading

Dr Saira Irshad — 2024-03-08

Mirza Athar Baig is known for his unique style in Urdu fiction. In his novel "Ghulam Bagh" Mirza Athar Baig shows the essence of his best philosophy regarding the treatment of life, consciousness, self identity, characterization, psychological conflict and many other aspects. The philosophy of enlightenment is also present in the novel because enlightenment opposes outdated customs and preferences and considers collective human civilization as the ascension of humanity. Apart from power and domination, the philosophy of human relations is also prominent in the novel. The novel reflects the post-colonial era and the present era; therefore, modern technology and terms are widely used in the novel. Mirza Athar Baig has also experimented with several techniques. Cultural phenomena are central to postcolonialism, so it also studies the differences between colonial and colonized cultures. The novel is written in a post-neo-colonial style, which is different from the traditional style.

Critical Review of Collections of Iqbal's Letters Compiled by Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni

Dr Amir Iqbal — 2024-03-12

The work of research and criticism demands honesty and sincerity. The ideas of a thinker are preserved by editing his literary works. Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni compiled Iqbal's letters which are considered as an important literary achievement because such letters always help the researchers to know about the literary trends of a particular era as well as the style and diction of the writer. There are both positive and negative critical opinions on his work. Compiling these letters was not an easy task. The scope of Iqbal's letters is very wide. It was very difficult to get them together. Mr. Barni completed this difficult compilation that made an easy access to Iqbal's letters. The work was lengthy, so there are some mistakes as well which have been identified. Barni's level of this effort builds new avenues of research and criticism. This has widened the scope of Iqbal Studies.

An Intellectual Review of the Travelogue “Taparwasni”

Samina Naz — 2024-03-12

"Taparvasni" (Gypsy) is the second collection of Parveen Atif's travelogues, which came out in 1995 after a gap of eight years from his earlier collection "Kiran, Titli Aur Bagole". Parveen Atif traveled to different cities and wrote these travelogues by dividing them into different chapters. In this travelogue, visits to Luckhnow (India), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Amsterdam (Holland), Peking (China) and Hiroshima (Japan) have been described; whereas visits to London (UK) and Damascus (Syria) have also been mentioned. The purpose of the visits included in this travelogue contains engagements in sports (hockey) and allied official duties. This article presents an intellectual review of the said travelogues highlighting their literary, observational and cultural importance.

Intellectual & Technical Review of Shakeb Jalali’s Verse

Dr. Mahboob Ahmad — 2024-03-31

Shakeb Jalali is the representative poet of the present age. He is mainly a ghazal poet. After independence, it seemed that Urdu ghazal would die but Shakeb is one of the poets who gave new life to it. He uses contemporary themes which make most of his poems famous like proverbs. He had a short life span but he gave ghazal a new form. He is convinced to explain big topics with great simplicity. He spent all his life in depression; even then the element of despair is less visible in his verse. His ghazals are a great asset of Urdu poetry which would influence the readers forever. His verse is based on innovation presenting an entirely new style. He was convinced to describe his experiences, observations, conditions and internal events with truth and authenticity instead of deception, deceit, and lies. His individuality distinguishes him from the poets of his era through his verse that is intellectually and technically different and the new generation seems to be influenced by it. This article analyses Shakeb’s verse in terms of technique and intellect.

Discussions on National Integrity in Urdu Poetic Criticism- In Complete Books

Dr. Naseem Abbas Ahmar — 2024-03-31

Literature of any language reflects the culture and thinking style of its people; in poetry it becomes more expressive. So the literature plays a vital role in promoting national integrity. In poetic criticism, various books are written in order to discuss the national integrity as prominent feature in poetry. Gopi Chand Narang, Sahil Ahmad, Muzaffar Abbas, Mahmood-ul-Hassan, Syed Majawar Hussain etc. are the prominent critics in this context. This article analyses their contribution in dealing with the discussions about national integrity in Urdu poetic criticism.

An Analytical Study of the Main Characters in the Fictions of Allama Rashid ul Khairi

Dr. Tahir Ali Shah — 2024-03-31

Allama Rashid ul Khairi is considered to be a pioneer of Urdu short stories. His work is primarily centered on women's basic and social rights. He was a reformer who conveyed his thoughts and ideas in connection with Islamic teachings through his stories. Essentially, Rashid created various characters to challenge the behavior of a male-dominated society, including characters from feudal systems, the middle class, and the lower-middle class, all aimed at safeguarding women's rights in the early twentieth century in the Indian subcontinent. Main characters of the fictions of Rashid have been critically analyzed in this paper.

The Justification of Urdu Letters with Similar Sounds and Diacritics

Dr. Abdul Sattar Malik — 2024-03-31

Urdu script is derived from the Arabic script but Urdu differs from Arabic in its nature and unlike Arabic some sounds are pronounced like each other. Due to that some experts object to Urdu script and suggest the removal of letters with similar sounds. But the removal of these letters can create many complexities and difficulties which cannot be resolved. These eight specific sounds of Urdu are common to Pakistani languages such as Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi, Kashmiri, and other local languages. How is it possible to exclude these words from all these languages? These sounds are the valuable capital of world languages like Persian and Arabic. With this collaboration, Urdu emerges as a great global and scientific language. By removing these letters, Urdu will suffer a great loss in terms of knowledge. There will be an encounter, which cannot be compensated. In short, this change is not feasible in context with Urdu historical background and present linguistic geographical condition. The Urdu script is non- diacritical in its nature and diacritics in Urdu are not arranged in the same way as in Arabic. However, it is necessary to organize the essential diacritics in the basic textbooks. This article argues and analyses the justification of Urdu letters with similar sounds and diacritics in detail.