Modern Urdu Ghazal in Okara: A Review

اوکاڑا میں جدید اُردو غزل: ایک جائزہ

  • Abdul Ghafoor Ph.D Scholar, Department of Urdu, Govt. College University, Faisalabad
  • Muhammad Rafique M.Phil. Urdu, PST, GES Meerak
  • Hussain Ali M.Phil Scholar, Department of Urdu, Riphah International University, Faisalabad.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54692/nooretahqeeq.2024.08042286
Keywords: Okara, Urdu Literature, Urdu Ghazal, Urdu Poetry, Modern Urdu Ghazal, Regional Literature

Abstract

Okara, a city with a unique and distinguished identity in Pakistan, stands as a beacon of linguistic and literary excellence. Renowned for its vibrant and rich literary culture, Okara has been the birthplace and home to numerous distinguished poets whose contributions have profoundly shaped the modern ghazal tradition. These literary figures have not only demonstrated exceptional poetic mastery but have also earned a revered place in the annals of Urdu literature. Their works continue to inspire generations, reflecting the city’s deep cultural roots and its significant role in enriching Pakistan’s intellectual heritage. Through their unwavering commitment to the art of poetry, Okara’s poets have left an indelible mark on the broader landscape of Urdu literature, solidifying their place in the hearts of poetry lovers and scholars alike.

 

References:

  1. Okara, Encyclopedia of Free Knowledge, Wikipedia.

  2. Zafar Iqbal, Interview by Kashif Majid, Included in: Angare, Monthly Magazine, Compiled by: Syed Amir Sohail, Multan: Gul Gashat Colony, December 2006, p. 5.

  3. Zafar Iqbal, Ab Tak, Kulliyat-e-Ghazal, Volume Two, Lahore: Multimedia Affairs, 2006, p. 2258.

  4. Ibid., p. 2083.

  5. Muratab Akhtar, Encyclopedia of Free Knowledge, Wikipedia.

  6. Muratab Akhtar, Jangal Se Paray Sooraj, Okara: Idara-e-Saut-e-Hadi, Sheikhupura, Second Edition, April 2007, p. 32.

  7. Ibid., p. 54.

  8. Nasir Shehzad, Encyclopedia of Free Knowledge, Wikipedia.

  9. Nasir Shehzad, Pukarti Rahi Bansi, Lahore: Alhamd Publications, January 2008, p. 63.

  10. Ibid., p. 102.

  11. Aslam Kolseri, Kaash, Lahore: Shirkat Printing Press, November 1992, p. 12.

  12. Ibid., p. 161.

  13. Ibid., p. 19.

  14. Interview, Masood Ahmad, Abdul Ghafoor, Meeting Regarding Poetry, Habib Bank, Gol Chowk, Okara, February 12, 2020.

  15. Masood Ahmad, Tumhara Aks Roshan Hai, Lahore: Gora Publishers, 1995, p. 3.

  16. Ibid., p. 23, 54.

  17. Ahmed Jaleel, Chaandni Ki Barish Mein, Okara: Escom Publishers, January 2016, p. 13.

  18. Ibid., p. 33.

  19. Interview, Raza Ullah Haider, Abdul Ghafoor, Meeting Regarding Poetry, Government Postgraduate College, Okara, February 5, 2020.

  20. Raza Ullah Haider, Zakhm Gulab Hue, Lahore: Nazmina Publications, October 2018, p. 39.

  21. Interview, Ahmad Kamran, Abdul Ghafoor, Phone Conversation Regarding Poetry, February 12, 2019.

  22. Ahmad Kamran, Judai Sans Laiti Hai, Lahore: Khazina-e-Ilm o Adab, 2000, p. 31.

  23. Sakhnaur Najmi, Pani Kitna Pyaasa Hai, Lahore: Maqbool Academy, January 1997, p. 101.

  24. Ibid., p. 55.

  25. Kashif Majid, Dua Ki Taraf Lautte Hain, Lahore: Misal Publishing, 2001, p. 34.

  26. Ibid., p. 24.

  27. Ibid., p. 61.

  28. Ghulam Mohiuddin, Chhaghal, Lahore: Al-Qalam Publishers, 2024, p. 155.

  29. Ibid., p. 135.

  30. Ibid., p. 138.

 

Published
2024-12-23
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 04 (2024): October to December 2024
Section
Articles

Copyright (c) 2024 Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Rafique; Hussain Ali

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