ماقبل جدیدیت میں مغربی فکر و تہذیب پر ابن رشد کے اثرات

Abstract

The Middle Ages are the revolutionary period in which the Crusades increased ties between Islam and the West. In the Pre-modernity, Christianity had liberated the West from idolatry, and the Dark Ages had been prolonged because very few people, include the religious class were literate. This was a period of great crises for the Muslims, with whom the West began to gain momentum due to the increase in trade and military interaction. After gaining knowledge of Muslim thought, ideas began to develop in the West and then Western Civilization began to flourish. Ibn Rushd's influence on Western Civilization was greatest among Muslim thinkers. Freedom of expression, the elimination of sexism, the expansion of ideas and importance of Science and Philosophy such as theology, began to challenge the authority of the Church. The Christian clergy obstructed Ibn Rushd's general study, and religious scholars began to read his thoughts in response to his rejection. In the West, his followers were named Averroists and their movement was called Averroism, they began to attribute to him the denial of beliefs in opposition to the religious class. When the ideas of Secularism, Rationalism, Humanism and Enlightenment emerged, the field of support and opposition of Ibn Rushd was set in the West. The influence of Muslim thought, including him, on Western universities became apparent. In order to save its reputation, the Church launched the Orientalism, in which Ibn Rushd's role is important because, apart from anti-Muslim sentiments, Ibn Rushd's criticism was the main motivator of the movement.